nixd2001
Sep 14, 07:48 PM
Originally posted by onemoof
Someone asked the difference between RISC and CISC.
First thing, there isn't that distinction anymore. RISC originally meant that the processor had fixed width instructions (so it wouldn't have to waste time asking the software how big the next instruction will be). CISC mean that the processor had variable width instructions (meaning time would have to be taken to figure out how long the next instruction is before fetching it.) However, Intel has addressed this problem by making it possible for the processor to switch to a fixed-width mode for special processor intensive purposes. The PowerPC is stuck with fixed-width and has no ability to enjoy the flexibility of variable-width instructions for non-processor-intensive tasks. This means that CISC is now better than RISC. (Using the terms to loosely define Pentium as CISC and PowerPC as RISC.)
Originally it was Reduced versus Complex instruction set computer. Making simpler processors go faster is generally easier than making complex processors go faster as there is less internal state/logic to synchronise and keep track of. For any given fabrication technology, this still generally holds true. Intel managed to sidestep this principle by investing massive sums in their fab plants, effectively meaning that the fab processes being compared weren't the same.
The opposite end of the spectrum from RISC is arguably the VAX line. With this instruction set, massive complexities arose from the fact that a single instruction took so long and did so much. It was possible for timers, interrupts and "page faults" to occur midway during an instruction. This required saving a lot of internal state so that it could later be restored. There were examples of performing a given operation with a single instruction or a sequence of instructions that performed the same effect, but where the sequence achieved the join quicker because the internal implementation within the processor was able to get on with the job quicker because it was actually a simpler task being asked of it.
The idea of fixed sized instructions isn't directly coupled to the original notion of RISC, although it is only one step behind. One of the basic ideas with the original RISC processors was that an instruction should only take a single cycle to complete. So a 100MHz CPU might actually achieve 100M instructions per second. (This was often not achieved due to memory latencies, but this isn't the "fault" of the processor core). In this context, having a variable length instruction means that it is easy for the instruction decoding (especially if it requires more than one "word") to require for effort than any other aspect of executing an instruction.
There are situations where a variable width instruction might have advantages, but the argument goes that breaking the overall task down into equal sized instructions means that fetching (including caching, branch predicting, ec) and decoding these instructions becomes simpler, permitting optimisations and speed gains to be made elsewhere in the processor design.
Intel blur RISC and CISC into gray by effectively executing RISC instructions internally, even if they support the apparent decoding of CISC insructions. They only do this for legacy reasons.
Apple will never switch to IA32 (Pentium) because 32 bit processors are a dead-end and maybe have a couple years left. The reason is because they can only have a maximum of 4 GB of RAM [ (2^32)/(1 Billion) = 4.29 GB ]. This limit is very close to being reached in current desktop computers. Apple MAY at some point decide to jump to IA64 in my opinion, and I think they should. Obviously the Intel family of processors is unbeatable unless they have some sort of catastrophe happen to them. If Apple jumped on they'd be back on track. Unfortunately I don't believe IA64 is yet cheap enough for desktops.
I think this "unbeatable" assertion requires some qualification. It may be that Intel will achieve the best price/performance ratio within a suitable range of qualifications, but this is different from always achieving best p/p ratio whatever. Indeed, IA64 versus Power4 is going to be an interesting battle because Intel has bet on ILP (instruction level parallelism) whereas IBM has bet on data bandwidth. Ultimately (and today!), I think IBM's bet has more going for it. But that's if you want ultimate performance. The PC space is often characterised by people apparenntly wanting ultimate performance but actually always massively qualifiying it with severe price restrictions (such as less than 5 digits to the price).
Someone asked the difference between RISC and CISC.
First thing, there isn't that distinction anymore. RISC originally meant that the processor had fixed width instructions (so it wouldn't have to waste time asking the software how big the next instruction will be). CISC mean that the processor had variable width instructions (meaning time would have to be taken to figure out how long the next instruction is before fetching it.) However, Intel has addressed this problem by making it possible for the processor to switch to a fixed-width mode for special processor intensive purposes. The PowerPC is stuck with fixed-width and has no ability to enjoy the flexibility of variable-width instructions for non-processor-intensive tasks. This means that CISC is now better than RISC. (Using the terms to loosely define Pentium as CISC and PowerPC as RISC.)
Originally it was Reduced versus Complex instruction set computer. Making simpler processors go faster is generally easier than making complex processors go faster as there is less internal state/logic to synchronise and keep track of. For any given fabrication technology, this still generally holds true. Intel managed to sidestep this principle by investing massive sums in their fab plants, effectively meaning that the fab processes being compared weren't the same.
The opposite end of the spectrum from RISC is arguably the VAX line. With this instruction set, massive complexities arose from the fact that a single instruction took so long and did so much. It was possible for timers, interrupts and "page faults" to occur midway during an instruction. This required saving a lot of internal state so that it could later be restored. There were examples of performing a given operation with a single instruction or a sequence of instructions that performed the same effect, but where the sequence achieved the join quicker because the internal implementation within the processor was able to get on with the job quicker because it was actually a simpler task being asked of it.
The idea of fixed sized instructions isn't directly coupled to the original notion of RISC, although it is only one step behind. One of the basic ideas with the original RISC processors was that an instruction should only take a single cycle to complete. So a 100MHz CPU might actually achieve 100M instructions per second. (This was often not achieved due to memory latencies, but this isn't the "fault" of the processor core). In this context, having a variable length instruction means that it is easy for the instruction decoding (especially if it requires more than one "word") to require for effort than any other aspect of executing an instruction.
There are situations where a variable width instruction might have advantages, but the argument goes that breaking the overall task down into equal sized instructions means that fetching (including caching, branch predicting, ec) and decoding these instructions becomes simpler, permitting optimisations and speed gains to be made elsewhere in the processor design.
Intel blur RISC and CISC into gray by effectively executing RISC instructions internally, even if they support the apparent decoding of CISC insructions. They only do this for legacy reasons.
Apple will never switch to IA32 (Pentium) because 32 bit processors are a dead-end and maybe have a couple years left. The reason is because they can only have a maximum of 4 GB of RAM [ (2^32)/(1 Billion) = 4.29 GB ]. This limit is very close to being reached in current desktop computers. Apple MAY at some point decide to jump to IA64 in my opinion, and I think they should. Obviously the Intel family of processors is unbeatable unless they have some sort of catastrophe happen to them. If Apple jumped on they'd be back on track. Unfortunately I don't believe IA64 is yet cheap enough for desktops.
I think this "unbeatable" assertion requires some qualification. It may be that Intel will achieve the best price/performance ratio within a suitable range of qualifications, but this is different from always achieving best p/p ratio whatever. Indeed, IA64 versus Power4 is going to be an interesting battle because Intel has bet on ILP (instruction level parallelism) whereas IBM has bet on data bandwidth. Ultimately (and today!), I think IBM's bet has more going for it. But that's if you want ultimate performance. The PC space is often characterised by people apparenntly wanting ultimate performance but actually always massively qualifiying it with severe price restrictions (such as less than 5 digits to the price).
chrfr
Mar 29, 09:53 AM
did you read it? it is exactly what I have been saying all along.
No, it's exactly opposite of what you wrote.
No, it's exactly opposite of what you wrote.
Hodapp
Sep 27, 09:00 AM
I'm hoping to see those OpenGL improvements significantly boost my Quake 1 fps on my MacBook.
I doubt a software update can magically change your crappy Intel 950 in to a worthwhile GPU.
I keep waiting for one of these updates to properly clock the MacBook Pro's GPU. Now that is ridiculous.
I doubt a software update can magically change your crappy Intel 950 in to a worthwhile GPU.
I keep waiting for one of these updates to properly clock the MacBook Pro's GPU. Now that is ridiculous.
rhett7660
May 2, 02:43 PM
You mean this?
Who gets this angry about computer platforms?
Priceless.....
more...
dragon wallpaper free. tribal
Who gets this angry about computer platforms?
Priceless.....
more...
Dreadnought
Jul 16, 06:40 AM
Version 2.5 of the widget i have running here, i think i'll send it out in about two and a half year, does just that. It only 'speaks' every three hours though, when the stats are updated.;) I think the 2.5 years have passed, so it's time for another update!
3d dragon wallpaper.
more...
Dragon Wallpaper
dragon wallpaper free. Free Dragon Wallpaper; Free Dragon Wallpaper. jgurbisz. Nov 16, 04:43 PM. You will have better luck following your Fart than what Dig
more...
Tags: dragon wallpapers
Photo name anime dragon amp; girl
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free dragon wallpapers.
Dragon Fly Live WallPaper Free
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Dragon Wallpaper Free.
Free Gaze of the Dragon
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Ferocious Black Dragon
3d Dragon Wallpaper,Free 3d
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3d Dragon Wallpaper. Free 3d
free dragon wallpapers.
3d dragon wallpaper
Rt&Dzine
Apr 8, 10:54 PM
What does temporary mean exactly? I mean if Obama has said he isn't signing any more exceptions.
I meant short-term.
I meant short-term.
more...
Rapscallion
May 5, 03:53 PM
This is basically what apple uses
http://www.superbiiz.com/detail.php?name=D3-10S4GS1&title=Samsung-DDR3-1066-SODIMM-4GB-Original-Notebook-Memory
http://www.superbiiz.com/detail.php?name=D3-10S4GS1&title=Samsung-DDR3-1066-SODIMM-4GB-Original-Notebook-Memory
macman312
Apr 5, 05:50 PM
Apple should've held out on the refresh to include USB 3 and even HDMI. Thunderbolt and the is currently useless.
agreed the apple store person was like you can transfer a 5GB movie in 10 seconds but I was like transfer to what? But there is a new LaCie hard drive coming in the summer :D but it would be great to have that sort of connectivity in the new iphone. It is also annoying that there is no 3.0?.....
agreed the apple store person was like you can transfer a 5GB movie in 10 seconds but I was like transfer to what? But there is a new LaCie hard drive coming in the summer :D but it would be great to have that sort of connectivity in the new iphone. It is also annoying that there is no 3.0?.....
more...
Dr Kevorkian94
Apr 22, 10:33 PM
I grew up on a pc and now I choose Mac because it's so much better in my opinion. Personally I'm not liberal and I'm not super conservative either. I odiously care about my appearance, and I'm not a vegetarian. I do like the Beatles though wherever that fits in. So I'm not anywhere near this statistic. Windows Is more complicated, but it would be fine if it wasn't slow, get viruses all the time, and when u click an app it doesn't take ten min to pop up (not to mention u get so frustrated u click it several time and then like 7 windows pop up). Personally this never happens to my Mac iknow my way a round both os's but I also own most apple products. I take care of the pc sitting in the basement my dad uses it for email when he is not on the iPad, so it doesn't get that much use but it slows down fast so we clean it out every year ( back what we need up and then wipe the thing). The pc is cheeper that is why most of the world uses them, there is a thiving computer repair business for a reason (not many for Mac). But whatever floats your boat I guess lol
handheldgames
Mar 3, 08:03 PM
Any changes under the hood allowing Win7 Boxes to join an OD domain? :confused:
More server an the start of the profile manager web app.
the profile manager also allows you to remote lock/wipe your devices but you need to have network directory set up which it was, so will investigate later more about this feature.
More server an the start of the profile manager web app.
the profile manager also allows you to remote lock/wipe your devices but you need to have network directory set up which it was, so will investigate later more about this feature.
more...
gopher
Sep 20, 12:57 PM
Have you noticed how the dual 1 Ghz isn't even on the radar of that page? They've constantly underrated Apple's speed, and now while they rate one that probably is close to correct, they ignore the others. That page has always been one for inconsistancies.
scaredpoet
Dec 28, 04:12 PM
It doesn't stop people from being interested in reading about carrier fumbles. It's like watching a slow motion train wreck.
Nor does it stop people from letting their fingers fly on the keyboard before they know all the facts. :rolleyes:
Nor does it stop people from letting their fingers fly on the keyboard before they know all the facts. :rolleyes:
more...
thesmileman
Mar 11, 07:27 AM
The line is growing.
Tommyg117
Sep 27, 09:58 AM
Updates rock, but just give me leeeeooooopard
more...
jessica.
Dec 9, 11:45 PM
Yes, R.I.P. Elizabeth and stay classy Babipsts (http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2010/12/09/westboro-baptist-church-says-it-will-picket-elizabeth-edwards-funeral/)
OllyW
Feb 19, 07:01 AM
I prefer to think that it is just another example of how Microsoft is becoming more and more irrelevant in the consumer market. They will be the IBM of the '10s.
Obama (and the Chinese Premier) had a high profile meeting with Balmer only last month (http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/12/10/AR2010121006226.html).
Why was Steve Jobs snubbed? ;)
Obama (and the Chinese Premier) had a high profile meeting with Balmer only last month (http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/12/10/AR2010121006226.html).
Why was Steve Jobs snubbed? ;)
more...
puckhead193
Apr 5, 10:48 AM
looks fake, you would think if they did get their paws on the new touch they would have you know at least focused the camera... just a thought :rolleyes:
pmz
Apr 5, 10:56 AM
FAKE!
You can see where they have retouched the Home button.
First shot especially changes colour as it gets near the white square and there is a definite difference in texture in a circular shape around the home square in the second shot.
Might happen on the final release but this is not a picture of it and just someone after a pathetic 5mins of fame.
It's an obvious fake.
The entire idea of capacitive home button is ridiculous. It would not add one positive thing to the iPhone/iPod, and would instead introduce instant problems that can't be remedied:
1. Accidental home button presses would be a nightmare.
2. Double (And Triple) click which are essential commands, are impossible to implement with the same level of accuracy, ease of use, and convenience.
3. Physical home button press has other functions that for the OS that would need to be relocated and duplicated elsewhere.
4. Having One physical button is essential to people requiring handicapped access.
The regular, physical home button is NOT GOING ANYWHERE. NOT NOW. NOT EVER. STOP TRYING TO PUSH THE IDEA DUE TO LIMITED IMAGINATION OF WHAT COULD BE NEXT.
You can see where they have retouched the Home button.
First shot especially changes colour as it gets near the white square and there is a definite difference in texture in a circular shape around the home square in the second shot.
Might happen on the final release but this is not a picture of it and just someone after a pathetic 5mins of fame.
It's an obvious fake.
The entire idea of capacitive home button is ridiculous. It would not add one positive thing to the iPhone/iPod, and would instead introduce instant problems that can't be remedied:
1. Accidental home button presses would be a nightmare.
2. Double (And Triple) click which are essential commands, are impossible to implement with the same level of accuracy, ease of use, and convenience.
3. Physical home button press has other functions that for the OS that would need to be relocated and duplicated elsewhere.
4. Having One physical button is essential to people requiring handicapped access.
The regular, physical home button is NOT GOING ANYWHERE. NOT NOW. NOT EVER. STOP TRYING TO PUSH THE IDEA DUE TO LIMITED IMAGINATION OF WHAT COULD BE NEXT.
shingi70
Apr 13, 12:55 PM
This sort of thing pisses me off too (as a white male). Because not only does it diminish anything I do - perhaps somewhat rightfully so - it has the reverse effect of making a mountain for any minority to climb which might not even exist. The "white advantage" more or less tells a minority person "to get something a white person gets easily you're going to have to work harder" when this might not be true. It creates an incredibly demotivating false dilemma.
It might not be true as it was twenty years ago but to say it still doesn't exist is stupid. Also I've never met any other african americans my age who believe that. Its more of a upper class advantage vs lower class advantge and it happens that whites and black are unfortunately usually on opposite sudes of the spectrum.
So how do you guys feel about me saying that if can i like to support black owned bussiness because there arent that many.
It might not be true as it was twenty years ago but to say it still doesn't exist is stupid. Also I've never met any other african americans my age who believe that. Its more of a upper class advantage vs lower class advantge and it happens that whites and black are unfortunately usually on opposite sudes of the spectrum.
So how do you guys feel about me saying that if can i like to support black owned bussiness because there arent that many.
realtime
Sep 1, 03:03 AM
Update away. Those of you running illegal copies of the WWDC (torrent) will be happy to know that your IP and other system/contact info is automatically logged and forwarded to Apple Legal by the Leopard Software Update. :eek:
"Enjoyed the preview? Good. We'll be contacting you soon..."
"Enjoyed the preview? Good. We'll be contacting you soon..."
atticus1178
Sep 19, 09:39 PM
What do you use to monitor the temps? I haven't found anything that works yet.
What problems *do* these EFI and SMC updates fix, exactly? BTW, according to the SMC update description, it will update it to 1.7f8, while according to System Profiler I already have that version. Must apply to to the first batch of models only? :confused:
Edit: firmware update successfully applied, no SMC update in SWU for me.
i use Temperature Monitor.
it monitors each core temp, and the hard drive temps only (same for my macbook pro)
What problems *do* these EFI and SMC updates fix, exactly? BTW, according to the SMC update description, it will update it to 1.7f8, while according to System Profiler I already have that version. Must apply to to the first batch of models only? :confused:
Edit: firmware update successfully applied, no SMC update in SWU for me.
i use Temperature Monitor.
it monitors each core temp, and the hard drive temps only (same for my macbook pro)
melchior
Jan 6, 05:39 PM
I'm wondering this too. I had thought it sounded cool until I got to the "I Agree" screen and saw the verbiage about making sure the info that gets pulled from your phone to Facebook is ok with your friends. I clicked "I don't agree" and decided to cone here to see what others are saying.
Thanks.
so, even for contacts that i am not friends with, but i have an email address for it pulls their photo and makes a link under the homepage field example: fp://profile/562005566 which of course opens the facebook app when you touched.
no other info...
Thanks.
so, even for contacts that i am not friends with, but i have an email address for it pulls their photo and makes a link under the homepage field example: fp://profile/562005566 which of course opens the facebook app when you touched.
no other info...
diamond.g
Mar 28, 09:31 AM
People seem to be moaning (no offence intended) about iOS notifications a lot recently but I don't remember it happening before a couple of months ago. Why is that? I'm a Mac user but not an iOS user so I wasn't aware they sucked so much.
Some of us have always complained about the notifications. More so when Apple enabled push. The notification system is modal, and built around an OS that didn't expose multitasking to the user. Now it is just getting in the way (IMO).
Some of us have always complained about the notifications. More so when Apple enabled push. The notification system is modal, and built around an OS that didn't expose multitasking to the user. Now it is just getting in the way (IMO).
basesloaded190
Jan 6, 03:25 PM
This is probably a very easy question, but how do I get to that screen?
Facebook under settings
Facebook under settings
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